Electronics

ELECTRONICS 

A Example a simple application of wonders of Electronics

ELECTRONICS

- a branch of Physics that deals with the emission, behavior, and effects of electrons (as in electron tubes and transistors)

History of the Study 

Joseph John Thompson (1856 - 1940)

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"To the electron: may it never be of any use!"

– J.J. Thomson

    

- In 1894, Thomson began studying cathode rays, which are glowing beams of light that follow an electrical discharge in a high-vacuum tube. It was a popular research topic among physicists at the time because the nature of cathode rays was unclear.

Thomson devised better equipment and methods than had been used before. When he passed the rays through the vacuum, he was able to measure the angle at which they were deflected and calculate the ratio of the electrical charge to the mass of the particles. He discovered that the ratio was the same regardless of what type of gas was used, which led him to conclude that the particles that made up the gases were universal.

Thomson determined that all matter is made up of tiny particles that are much smaller than atoms. He originally called these particles 'corpuscles,' although they are now called electrons. This discovery upended the prevailing theory that the atom was the smallest fundamental unit.  

*Trivia about Him- J.J.  Thompson went to Trinity College when he was just FOURTEEN !  

Robert Millikan

Robert Millikan
- American physicist Robert A. Milikan's achievements began when he was the first to received a Ph.D from the physics department at Columbia University. He went on to win the Nobel Prize for physics for his work on the photoelectric effect and measuring the charge of the electron. He also was able to obtain the exact exact value of Planck's constant.

Development 


Vacuum Tubes

Early Vacuum Tubes that are been used

At the time Thompson was doing his research, the American inventor Thomas A. Edison had observed a bluish glow in some of the early light bulbs under certain conditions.He found out that a current would pass from the cathode (negative-electrode) to another anode (positive electrode). Further experiments done by the English Engineer John Ambrose Fleming and Thompson's students revealed that the so-called Edison Effect was the result of the emission of electrons from the cathode.